Object Oriented Programming

Object Oriented schedulingThere be many definitions in contrary sources. Some of them atomic number 18 like Object-oriented program is a method of programming establish on hierarchy of crystalisees, and well- secured and cooperating headings (Oracle, 2010a)Object-Oriented computer programming (OOP) is different from procedural programming languages in several ways. Everything in OOP is grouped as objects. OOP, confined in the purest sense, is implemented by sending messages to objects (IBM, 1995a)Object-Oriented Programming (OOP) is a programming language exemplar organized around objects rather than actions and data rather than logic (TechTarget, 2008)So in other words, OOPs is a type of programming in which the programmers have to define not only the data type of a data structure but also the functions or operations to be applied to the data structure. By doing this, the data structure converts to an object including both data and functions. Java, Python, Visual Basic .NE T, Ruby, Sm altogethertalk and C++ are among the popular OOP languages. The OOP starts with first step as identification of all the objects to be manipulated and how they identify each other. This is often called as data modelling. Once the object has been identified, we have to label it as objects class and also have to define the type of data contained in it and any logical sequences that crumb manipulate it. A distinct logic sequence is known as method. An instance of class is called as an object. The object runs in machine (computer). Computer instructions are provided by methods and the data is provided by the object characteristics.OOPs PrinciplesOOP deals with objects, and to define it, w should know the types of objects which are described in class. Objects are instances of class. A class contains methods and attributes.Attributes are use to represent an object by using a dot, like anObject.someAttribute the attribute brook be any type even same as an object type.Methods are used to represent the working of an object like anObject.someMethod(parameters)The difference amidst attribute and method is that an attribute can only contain a value or a state but a method can also do some functioning.In the programming world, there is not any definition of OOP which can be accepted by all at same epoch but certain principles have been formed to help in understanding OOPs (Filimon, 2007a)Modularity it means to break the program code into different part which can then easily be interlinked to make a well organized program.Figure 1 Modularity (Filimon, 2007b)Encapsulation it is linked to modularity. According to this, everything except the interface of an object should be hidden and precisely located, so the actual implementation can easily be changed, with an improvement to the program security (Filimon 2007a).Figure 2 Encapsulation (IBM, 1995b) inheritance this is the main reason in the fine working of OOP. It allows a class to have the same behaviour as another class and extend or remove that behaviour to provide special action for specific needs (IBM, 1995a)Figure 3 Inheritance (Oracle, 2010b)This diagram shows the class hierarchy as it descends from java.lang.Object for the classes in the user interface.Benefits of OOPWith the help of inheritance, a programmer can eliminate the redundant code and extends the use of available code.ClassesPrograms can be built from the working modules which interact with one another, rather than starting the code again from scratch. Due to this, lots of development time is saved and production is higher.Because of data hiding, the programs are designed not be touched by the codes in other parts of the program and this provides greater system security and avoids unintended corruption.Multiple instances of an object can coexist without any interference.Easy to break the work in parts based on objects.Easily small to large systems upgradation of OO systems.With the help of the concept of data clas ses, a programmer can create any new data type which is not already defined in the language.Code reuse polymorphism.Errors are caught when digest rather than at runtime.Works like the way real world works. Easily to map a real world problem to a solvent in OO code.Disadvantages of OOPOOP takes more time to execute as it is a high level concept and many routines run at back at the time of execution.Artificial class relations. We can easily make break the program making it more suitable according to us but if the programming is based on real world problem then the modified structure is not similar to what exist in real.Unnecessary complications.Wastage of time in suit of clothes of small coding programs.Due to inheritance, it is hard to read the code. If u have classes inheriting other classes, then you might end up with code again and again to figure out which method is called.How OOP is used in Software Development?In any complexity of software package development, OOP is the bes t to solve the issue. These are the areas where OOP is used (Buyya et al, 2009)Image processingPattern recognitionComputer assisted concurrent engineeringComputer aided design and manufacturingComputer aided commandIntelligent systemsDatabase circumspection systemsWeb based applicationsDistributed computing and applicationsComponent based applicationsBusiness process reengineeringEnterprise resource planningData security and managementMobile computingData warehousing and data miningParallel computingOOP just helps us to load the real world problem into software which can be modified in different ways depending on the needs. Once a code generated for any software can be used again and again to serve other applications with same functions. This helps in saving lots of time for the programmers and also helps in making the program flexible so that it can be easily modified when there is need.I think OOP is not a successful approach to a tyro in programming because programming is not easy until the programmer does not know what objects or classes are. OOP have many advantages but they will work for the programmers having good knowledge in the concepts of programming. Despite all the advantages, a beginner cannot distinguish between the classes, objects or any other things which makes it difficult to understand. So I think a beginner should start with low level programs to learn the basic concepts and then move to OOP.ReferencesBuyya, R., Somasundaram, SS. and Chu, X. (2009) Object Oriented Programming with Java Essentials and Applications. New Delhi, India McGraw-Hill.Filimon, T. (2007a) Object Oriented Programming online. acquirable from http//teodorfilimon.com/articles/OOP/Object-Oriented-Programming.htm. Accessed 14th January 2011.Filimon, T. (2007b) Object Oriented Programming online image. Available from http//teodorfilimon.com/articles/OOP/Object-Oriented-Programming.htm. Accessed 14th January 2011.IBM. (1995a) Introduction What is Object-Oriented Program ming? online. Available from http//www.inf.ufsc.br/poo/smalltalk/ibm/tutorial/oop.htmloop. Accessed twelfth January 2011.IBM. (1995b) Introduction What is Object-Oriented Programming? online image. Available from http//www.inf.ufsc.br/poo/smalltalk/ibm/tutorial/oop.htmloop. Accessed 14th January 2011.Oracle. (2010a) essentials of the Java Programming Language A Hands-On Guide part 2 online. Available fromhttp//java.sun.com/developer/onlineTraining/Programming/BasicJava2/oo.html. Accessed 12th January 2011.Oracle. (2010b) essentials of the Java Programming Language A Hands-On Guide part 2 online. Available fromhttp//java.sun.com/developer/onlineTraining/Programming/BasicJava2/oo.html. Accessed 14th January 2011.TechTarget. (2008) Object Oriented Programming online. Available from http//searchsoa.techtarget.com/definition/object-oriented-programming. Accessed 12th January 2011.